The invention provides a CFB stokehole storage device and a monitoring method thereof. The CFB stokehole storage device comprises a stokehole bin, a main control system, an oxygen detector, a temperature detector and a gas protection assembly, wherein the oxygen detector, the temperature detector and the gas protection assembly are arranged in the stokehole bin; wherein the upper end of the furnace front bin is used for conveying stored articles through a supplied material conveying belt; the oxygen detector is used for detecting a real-time oxygen content signal in the furnace front bin and sending the real-time oxygen content signal to the main control system; the temperature detector is used for detecting a real-time temperature signal in the stored article and sending the real-time temperature signal to the main control system; the main control system is used for controlling the gas protection assembly to input protection gas into the furnace front bin according to the real-time oxygen content signal and the real-time temperature signal. By means of the system and method, multi-index automatic monitoring can be conducted on the stokehole bin in real time, the stokehole bin is protected in time through the protective gas under the condition that safety risks exist, and safety and reliability of stored objects are guaranteed.