The invention belongs to the technical field of mold materials. The invention relates to a phenolic resin material, in particular to a 3D printing phenolic resin material and a preparation process thereof. The product provided by the invention comprises phenolic resin, a thermoplastic elastomer accounting for 10-12% of the mass of the phenolic resin and a heat-conducting filler accounting for 6-8% of the mass of the phenolic resin, wherein the melting point of the thermoplastic elastomer is lower than 200 DEG C. The thermoplastic elastomer is selected from a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer with a melting point of 185-190 DEG C; the D50 of the thermoplastic elastomer is selected to be 30-120 [mu] m; the heat-conducting filler is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 to 30 parts of carbon nanotubes and 100 to 150 parts of amorphous carbon; and nano titanium dioxide is deposited on the surface of the heat-conducting filler. The product obtained by the invention can solve the problem of surface microcracks or shrinkage when phenolic resin materials are applied to 3D printing materials.