The invention relates to the field of temperature measurement, in particular to a temperature change monitoring system and method in a metal raw material melting process, and the temperature change trend is captured by collecting temperature data in a melting furnace in real time and combining a temperature change rate calculation formula. A DBSCAN clustering algorithm is adopted to carry out segmentation processing on temperature data to obtain different temperature change stages, curve fitting is carried out through a least square method, and error factors at all moments are calculated. And finally correcting temperature data based on the error factor to ensure that the measured value is closer to the actual temperature so as to judge whether the smelting furnace reaches the target temperature and avoid the influence of temperature error on the melting effect. The high-precision sensor, the clustering algorithm and error correction are adopted, the temperature change trend is dynamically captured, precise monitoring of the temperature in the metal melting process is achieved, and the melting uniformity and the product quality are ensured.