The invention provides a coal mine digital twin geologic model construction method and system based on precise exploration, and relates to the technical field of coal mine geologic modeling, and the method comprises the steps: respectively obtaining ground static data, roadway dynamic data and coal mining real-time data; preprocessing the ground static data, the roadway dynamic data and the coal mining real-time data to obtain preprocessed data; integrating the preprocessed data, and constructing a three-dimensional dynamic geologic model according to the integrated data; dynamically updating the three-dimensional dynamic geologic model according to the coal mining real-time data so as to ensure the real-time performance and the accuracy of the model; according to the method, the three-dimensional dynamic geologic model is displayed through a three-dimensional visualization technology. Through multi-source data fusion and dynamic updating, transparent management of coal mine geological information is realized, and a powerful guarantee is provided for safe and efficient mining of a coal mine.