The invention relates to the technical field of vacuum metallurgy, in particular to a vacuum chamber refractory brick baking method and device. The vacuum chamber refractory brick baking method comprises the steps of obtaining the internal temperature of a vacuum chamber, and controlling the current frequency, the gas flow and the oxygen flow of the baking device in an interlocking mode based on the internal temperature of the vacuum chamber. A vacuum chamber refractory brick baking device comprises a thermocouple temperature sensor, a baking device, a fan system and a control system. The control system is used for integrally controlling the working states of the vacuum chamber, the thermocouple temperature sensor, the baking device and the fan system, so as to automatically control the gas flow, the oxygen flow and the current frequency of a fan motor in the fan system according to the temperature detected by the thermocouple temperature sensor; therefore, interlocking control over the current frequency, the gas flow and the oxygen flow of the fan motor is achieved, and the bottom of the vacuum chamber and the side wall of the lower portion of the vacuum chamber can be effectively baked.